Which statement best describes the functionality of containers?

The statement that best describes the functionality of containers is that containers package an application's code, configurations, and dependencies into a single object. This characteristic is essential to how containers operate. By encapsulating everything an application needs to run, containers ensure that the application runs consistently across different environments, regardless of the underlying infrastructure. This portability is a key feature that enables developers to build and deploy applications quickly and reliably, as they do not have to worry about variations in the environment or conflicts in dependencies.

In contrast, while operating systems can be involved in container technology, containers do not run operating systems independently of the host. Instead, they share the host operating system's kernel while maintaining isolated environments for each application. Additionally, containers are not limited to serverless applications; they can run a wide range of applications and services in different deployment modes, including those found in traditional architectures. Finally, containers are not restricted to public cloud environments; they can operate on-premises, in hybrid clouds, or in private cloud setups, making them flexible for various infrastructure setups.